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Cissus Quadrangularis Calcium for Bone Health: A Science-Backed Approach for Bone Remodeling in Osteoporosis
How Cissus Quadrangularis Calcium Supports Osteoblastogenesis and Limits Osteoclastic Bone Loss
Understanding Bone Remodeling?
Bone remodeling is a continuous, tightly regulated biological process in which old or damaged bone is removed and replaced with newly formed bone tissue. It is not a passive event — it is an active cellular cycle essential for maintaining skeletal strength and mineral balance.
In adults, nearly 5–10% of the skeleton is renewed every year through this process.
Bone remodeling occurs through coordinated activity of:
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Osteoclasts – cells that resorb (break down) old bone
-
Osteoblasts – cells that form new bone
This sequence ensures that the skeleton remains structurally competent and metabolically responsive.
The Bone Remodeling Cycle
Bone remodeling occurs in discrete functional units called basic multicellular units (BMUs) and follows five major phases:
Activation
Pre-osteoclasts are recruited to a specific bone surface site.
Resorption
Mature osteoclasts attach to bone and create a sealed resorption lacuna.
They:
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Acidify the area using V-ATPase proton pumps
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Dissolve hydroxyapatite crystals
This phase typically lasts 2–4 weeks.
Reversal
Resorption stops. Mononuclear cells prepare the surface for new bone deposition.
Formation
Osteoblasts are recruited and begin:
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Synthesizing Type I collagen (osteoid)
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Producing alkaline phosphatase
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Initiating mineralization with calcium and phosphate
This phase can last several months.
Mineralization
Calcium crystals are deposited into the collagen matrix, restoring structural integrity.
Why Bone Remodeling Is Important
Bone remodeling serves several essential physiological functions:
Maintains Structural Integrity
Bone experiences constant micro-damage due to:
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Mechanical stress
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Physical activity
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Aging
Remodeling removes micro-cracks before they accumulate and compromise strength.
Without remodeling, bone would become brittle and fracture-prone.
Regulates Calcium Homeostasis
The skeleton acts as a major calcium reservoir.
When blood calcium levels drop:
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Osteoclastic resorption increases
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Calcium is released into circulation
This is essential for:
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Muscle contraction
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Nerve transmission
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Blood clotting
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Cellular signaling
Thus, bone is not just structural — it is metabolically active.
Adapts Bone to Mechanical Stress
According to Wolff’s Law:
Bone adapts to the loads placed upon it.
Weight-bearing activity stimulates osteoblastic activity, leading to stronger bone formation.
Conversely, lack of mechanical load (e.g., immobilization) reduces bone formation.
Repairs Micro-Damage
Everyday activities cause microscopic bone cracks. Remodeling replaces these damaged areas with new, properly mineralized tissue.
This prevents stress fractures.
Cellular Regulation of Bone Remodeling
Bone remodeling is regulated by several signaling pathways:
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RANKL–RANK–OPG axis (controls osteoclast differentiation)
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Wnt/β-catenin pathway (controls osteoblast formation)
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Hormones such as:
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Estrogen
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Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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Vitamin D
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When estrogen declines (e.g., postmenopause):
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RANKL increases
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Osteoclast survival increases
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Bone resorption accelerates
This is a major reason osteoporosis is common in postmenopausal women.
Why Understanding Bone Remodeling Matters
If bone remodeling is balanced:
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Bone density remains stable
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Fracture risk remains low
If bone remodeling shifts toward resorption:
-
Bone becomes fragile
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Fracture risk increases
Therefore, effective bone health strategies must:
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Support osteoblast activity
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Regulate excessive osteoclast activity
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Provide sufficient mineral substrate
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Maintain hormonal balance
Simply increasing calcium intake does not directly correct remodeling imbalance.
In Summary
Bone remodeling is:
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A continuous renewal process
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Essential for skeletal strength
-
Critical for calcium balance
-
Controlled by precise cellular signaling
Its importance lies in maintaining structural integrity and preventing fragility.
When remodeling becomes unbalanced — particularly when osteoclastic activity increases — osteoporosis develops over time.
A transaction of Bone showing the Remodeling Process- Osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity
What Happens When Remodeling Becomes Imbalanced?
Healthy bone requires:
✔ Balanced osteoclastic resorption
✔ Balanced osteoblastic formation
When osteoclastic activity exceeds osteoblastic activity:
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Bone mass declines
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Trabeculae thin
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Cortical bone becomes porous
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Microarchitecture deteriorates
This leads to osteoporosis.
Importantly:
Osteoporosis is not simply low calcium — it is a disruption of the remodeling balance.
What are Osteoblast and Osteoclast & their Importance
Osteoclasts (Bone-Resorbing Cells)
Osteoclasts are specialized multinucleated cells responsible for breaking down old or damaged bone during the bone remodeling process.
Key Functions:
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Attach to bone surfaces and form a sealed resorption zone
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Secrete acids (via proton pumps) to dissolve bone minerals
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Release enzymes like cathepsin K to degrade collagen matrix
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Liberate calcium into the bloodstream
In simple terms:
Osteoclasts remove old bone to allow new bone formation.
Osteoblasts (Bone-Forming Cells)
Osteoblasts are mononuclear cells that synthesize and mineralize new bone tissue.
Key Functions:
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Produce Type I collagen (bone matrix)
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Secrete alkaline phosphatase for mineral deposition
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Incorporate calcium and phosphate into bone
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Regulate osteoclasts via osteoprotegerin (OPG)
In simple terms:
Osteoblasts build and strengthen new bone.
Why Both Matter
Healthy bone depends on a balance between:
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Osteoclast activity (bone resorption)
-
Osteoblast activity (bone formation)
When osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity, bone density decreases, leading to conditions like osteoporosis.
Osteoclast vs Osteoblast Comparison
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Feature | Osteoclasts | Osteoblasts
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Primary Role | Bone resorption (breakdown of old bone) | Bone formation (building new bone)
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Cell Type | Large, multinucleated cells | Mononuclear cells
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Origin | Monocyte–macrophage lineage | Mesenchymal stem cells
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Main Function | Remove damaged or aged bone tissue | Synthesize & mineralize bone matrix
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Key Activity | Acid secretion & enzymatic degradation | Collagen synthesis & mineral deposition
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Major Enzymes | Cathepsin K, TRAP, MMP-9 | Alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Mineral Effect | Releases calcium into bloodstream | Incorporates calcium into bone
+-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Surface Interaction | Sealing zone & ruffled border | Produces osteoid on bone surface
+-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Role in Remodeling | Initiates bone turnover | Completes bone regeneration
+-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Regulatory Signals | Activated by RANKL | Wnt/β-catenin, BMP
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Effect When Overactive | Bone loss, osteoporosis | Increased bone density & strength
+-----------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
Cissus Quadrangularis Algae Calcium Vitamin d3+k2 for Bone Health: A Science-Backed Approach to Regenerating bones in Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is often called a “silent” condition because bone loss happens gradually, without obvious symptoms—until a fracture occurs. Many people focus only on calcium supplements when thinking about bone health. However, modern research shows that bone regeneration is a complex biological process involving structural proteins, minerals, hormones, and specialized bone cells.
A comprehensive nutritional strategy may include Cissus quadrangularis, plant-based algae calcium, Vitamin D3, and Vitamin K2—nutrients that work together to support healthy bone remodeling
What Is Cissus Quadrangularis?
Cissus quadrangularis is a traditional medicinal plant used in Ayurveda for centuries, particularly for supporting fracture healing and bone strengthening. Often referred to as “Hadjod” in India, it has long been associated with bone repair in traditional systems of medicine.
Key Bioactive Components
Scientific analysis of Cissus quadrangularis reveals:
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Ketosteroids
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Flavonoids
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Ascorbic acid
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Calcium content
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Phytosterols
These compounds are believed to influence bone metabolism through multiple pathways.
Emerging research suggests that Cissus quadrangularis may:
-
Stimulate osteoblast activity – encouraging new bone formation
-
Support collagen synthesis – strengthening the bone matrix
-
Modulate osteoclast function – helping balance bone resorption
-
Promote fracture healing – traditionally observed in Ayurvedic use
Instead of acting as a simple mineral supplement, Cissus appears to influence the biological environment of bone regeneration.
This makes the cissus quadrangularis calcium combination particularly relevant, as it supports both structural and cellular aspects of bone health.
Why Plant-Based Algae Calcium Matters
Not all calcium sources are the same. Traditional calcium carbonate supplements may cause digestive discomfort in some individuals.
Algae-derived calcium is sourced from marine red algae and contains naturally occurring trace minerals such as:
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Magnesium
-
Boron
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Strontium
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Silica
-
+ 72 Trace minerals
Benefits of Algae Calcium
-
Enhanced bioavailability
-
Better gastrointestinal tolerance
-
Natural mineral balance
-
Sustainable plant-based source
When combined with Cissus quadrangularis, algae calcium supports a more physiologically aligned approach to bone mineralization by
Synergistic Mechanism
-
Cissus supports bone-forming cells (osteoblasts)
-
Calcium provides structural density
-
Together, they may promote improved bone mineralization
The Essential Role of Vitamin D3
Vitamin D3 plays a central role in calcium metabolism. Without adequate Vitamin D levels, the body cannot effectively absorb calcium from the digestive tract.
Functions of Vitamin D3
-
Enhances intestinal calcium absorption
-
Regulates calcium-phosphate balance
-
Supports bone mineralization
-
Contributes to muscle function
Vitamin D deficiency is common in India due to indoor lifestyles and limited sun exposure, making supplementation relevant in many cases.
Why Vitamin K2 (MK-7) Is Critical for bone mineralization
Vitamin K2, particularly in the MK-7 form, activates a protein called osteocalcin, which helps bind calcium to the bone matrix.
Without adequate Vitamin K2:
-
Calcium may not efficiently integrate into bone
-
There may be suboptimal mineral distribution
Vitamin D3 + K2 Synergy
-
Vitamin D3 increases calcium absorption
-
Vitamin K2 directs calcium toward bones
-
Together they optimize mineral utilization
In the context of cissus quadrangularis calcium, this combination ensures that absorbed calcium is effectively deposited into bone tissue.
Only Calcium D3 K2 alone is not enough for Bone Regeneration
Cissus quadrangularis → Stimulate Osteoblastogenesis (New Bone formation)
→ Limits Osteoclastic activity (Bone Resorption)
→ Helps in Mineralization of old & new bones
Algae Calcium → → Providing bioavailable calcium
→ Supporting hydroxyapatite formation
→ Enhancing bone mineral density
Vitamin D3 → → Increasing intestinal calcium absorption
→ Supporting osteoblast function
→ Regulating calcium–phosphate balance
Vitamin K2 → → Activating osteocalcin
→ Directing calcium into bone matrix
→ Preventing ectopic calcification
Available Treatment and Supplements for Bone Pain & Joint Pain
The medical treatments include chemicals (breast cancer causing), hormone therapy, painkillers, and calcium supplements like calcium citrate etc.There is a better way: Periosteum K2 is an algae calcium and cissus supplement fortified with Vitamin D3 and Vitamin K2 that boosts calcium absorption and it doesn’t cause acidity in the stomach – unlike other calcium supplements. It also inhibits osteoclast cells, preventing further breakdown of bone matrix & cartilage. Algae calcium enables the body to absorb 92% more calcium from food – compared to other activated plant-based sources – which in turn builds strong and healthy bones. Cissus quadrangularis prevents osteoporosis and helps in Joint health by reducing inflammation, strengthening muscle tissue,cartilage regeneration and managing pain. This means you can enjoy an active life for longer without the worry of pain and risk of fractures As we age, our bones & Joint become weaker and more susceptible to breakage. But for older people the dangers are even greater because natural bone formation cannot keep up with the rate of natural bone loss. This makes it difficult to predict how strong your bones & Joint will be in the future – there could be break or have fracture in Bone or damaged cartilages at any time.
How to Keep Bones & Joint Healthy -
Periosteum K2 softgel is a natural way to prevent and treat osteoporosis,Cartilage damage with 1st time in India a Unique combination of Algae Calcium + Cissus quadrangularis. Algal Calcium and Cissus quadrangularis have been found to help prevent and treat osteoporosis alongwith joint support through decreased bone resorption. Periosteum K2 softgel, which combines Algal Calcium with Cissus quadrangularis (a VAMPIRE PLANT!) in a potent formula to prevent bone loss,Cartilage loss and also treats it when it has already begun. Periosteum k2 softgel gives you long lasting results naturally and safely without resorting to harmful prescription drugs also with our product you can reduce the pain of osteoarthritis, Joint pain & improve bone density and live pain-free.
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Bone remodeling is a dynamic, lifelong process that relies on the delicate balance between bone formation and resorption. By supporting osteoblast activity, collagen matrix formation, and proper mineral delivery, it is possible to create a more favorable internal environment for skeletal renewal. A science-informed approach to bone health focuses not just on calcium intake, but on the biological processes that govern how bone is continuously rebuilt.
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FAQs – Cissus Quadrangularis Calcium & Bone Remodeling
1. What is cissus quadrangularis calcium and how does it support bone health?
Cissus quadrangularis calcium refers to a bone-support combination where Cissus quadrangularis extract works alongside bioavailable calcium to enhance bone repair. While calcium provides the raw material for bones, Cissus helps stimulate osteoblast activity, making the rebuilding process faster and more efficient.
2. How does cissus quadrangularis help in bone remodeling?
Bone remodeling is a continuous cycle of bone breakdown and rebuilding. Cissus quadrangularis supports this cycle by promoting osteoblast formation and reducing excessive osteoclast activity, helping maintain stronger and denser bones over time.
3. What is the role of osteoclasts in bone loss?
Osteoclasts are cells that break down old or damaged bone tissue. While they are essential for normal bone remodeling, overactive osteoclasts can lead to bone thinning, increasing the risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
4. What are osteoblasts and why are they important?
Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells responsible for building new bone tissue. They create collagen matrix and help deposit minerals like calcium. Nutrients like cissus quadrangularis calcium, vitamin D3, and K2 support osteoblast function for stronger bones.
5. Can cissus quadrangularis calcium improve fracture healing?
Yes, research suggests that Cissus quadrangularis may accelerate fracture healing by stimulating collagen synthesis and osteoblast activity. When combined with calcium and vitamin D3, it provides both structural and mineral support for faster recovery.
6. How does bone remodeling change with age?
As we age, bone remodeling slows down. Osteoclast activity often increases while osteoblast activity decreases, leading to gradual bone loss. Supplements containing cissus quadrangularis calcium and vitamin D3 + K2 may help restore this balance.
7. Is cissus quadrangularis calcium useful for osteoporosis?
It may be beneficial as part of a bone-support regimen. Cissus helps stimulate bone formation, while calcium and vitamin D3 support mineral density. However, individuals with osteoporosis should always consult a healthcare professional before supplementation.
8. How does vitamin D3 and K2 work with cissus quadrangularis calcium?
Vitamin D3 enhances calcium absorption from the gut, while K2 directs calcium into bones instead of soft tissues. When combined with Cissus, this trio supports collagen formation, mineral delivery, and proper bone remodeling.
9. Does cissus quadrangularis affect osteoclast activity?
Some studies indicate that Cissus may help moderate osteoclast activity, preventing excessive bone breakdown. This helps maintain a healthy balance between bone resorption and bone formation.
10. Who should consider taking cissus quadrangularis calcium?
It may be helpful for:
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People with low bone density
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Athletes recovering from fractures
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Post-menopausal women
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Individuals at risk of osteoporosis
11. What is the typical dosage of cissus quadrangularis calcium for bone health?
There is no single universal dosage, as intake depends on formulation, extract strength, and individual bone health needs. In research and traditional use, Cissus quadrangularis is typically used under professional guidance as part of a broader bone-support approach that may include calcium and vitamin D. For best results, intake should align with medical advice tailored to individual requirements.
12. Are there any side effects of cissus quadrangularis calcium?
Cissus quadrangularis is generally well tolerated when used appropriately. Mild effects such as digestive discomfort, dry mouth, or headache have occasionally been reported, but these are usually temporary. Individuals with existing medical conditions, those who are pregnant, or those taking medications should consult a healthcare professional before use.
13. How is cissus quadrangularis calcium usually taken?
Cissus quadrangularis is commonly taken with meals as part of a bone health regimen that supports bone remodeling. It is often discussed alongside nutrients like calcium, vitamin D3, and vitamin K2, which support mineral absorption and utilization. The exact method of use can vary based on health goals and formulation type.
Written by:
Zynext India Research Team
Specializing in evidence-based nutraceutical education and bone health research.
Medically reviewed by:
Dr. Reshu Pathak, [M.D]
Clinical practitioner with expertise in bone metabolism and integrative health sciences.
Last updated: February 2025
Medical Disclaimer:
This content is intended for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The discussion of nutrients, botanicals, and bone health mechanisms is based on general scientific literature and should not replace individualized medical consultation. Readers are advised to seek guidance from a licensed healthcare professional before making changes to their diet, supplementation, or treatment plan.